Penstrep-400 Composition and form of release
Penstrep-400 is a complex antibacterial drug, 1 ml of which contains procaine penicillin G 200,000 IU and dihydrostreptomycin sulfate 200 mg, as well as a solvent. It is a sterile white suspension for injection. During storage, sediment formation is allowed. The drug is produced packaged in 100 ml glass bottles.

Penstrep-400 Pharmacological properties
Procaine penicillin G, which is part of Penstrep 400, belongs to the group of narrow-spectrum penicillins, has a bactericidal effect, mainly on gram-positive bacteria (Clostridium, Corynebacterium, Erysipelothrix, Listeria, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus). The action of the substance is based on the suppression of the activity of enzymes of peptidoglycan synthesis, which leads to the cessation of bacterial growth, and also activates enzymes that hydrolyze peptidoglycan, which weakens the covalent bonds of the cell wall. Growing cells stop dividing, enlarge, swell and disintegrate to form small particles. The features of procaine penicillin G are slow absorption and prolonged action when administered intramuscularly.

After a single injection in the form of a suspension, the therapeutic concentration of the drug in the blood remains up to 18-24 hours. Penicillin creates high concentrations in the lungs, kidneys, intestinal mucosa, reproductive organs, bones, pleural and peritoneal fluids, in small quantities passes through the placenta and enters milk. Dihydrostreptomycin sulfate is an antibiotic from the aminoglycoside group. Possesses a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action. It has a bactericidal effect on most gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Pasteurella, Salmonella, Brucella, Haemophilus, Campylobacter and others).

The antibacterial effect is based on the binding of the streptomycin molecule to the ribosomes of the microbial cell, which disrupts the reading of information in the protein synthesis system and leads to the inclusion of erroneous amino acids in the growing polypeptide chain. When administered intramuscularly, streptomycin is rapidly absorbed and slightly binds to serum proteins. The maximum concentration in blood plasma is observed 1-2 hours after injection, and the therapeutic dose lasts for 8-12 hours.

The drug is excreted from the body mainly by the kidneys and in small quantities with bile. Cumulation does not occur with normal renal excretory function. Unlike penicillin, streptomycin acts on microorganisms that are both in the reproduction stage and in the resting stage. Acquired bacterial resistance develops very slowly. The combination of penicillin with dihydrostreptomycin has a greater bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect on the pathogenic microflora than each substance alone.

Penstrep-400 Indications
Prescribed to cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, dogs and cats for the treatment of infections of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory and urinary tract.

Doses and method of administration
Penstrep 400 is administered only intramuscularly. Before use, the contents of the vial are thoroughly shaken until a homogeneous suspension is obtained.

For cattle and sows, the drug is administered at the rate of 1 ml per 20 kg of animal weight once a day for 3 days.

For calves, sheep, goats, piglets, dogs and cats, the dosage is 1 ml of the drug per 10 kg of animal weight once a day for 3 days.

Do not inject more than 20 ml of the drug into one place in cattle, 10 ml in pigs and 5 ml in calves, sheep, goats, pigs, dogs and cats.

If no noticeable clinical improvement occurs within 2-3 days, it is recommended to retest for the sensitivity of microorganisms to penicillin and dihydrostreptomycin.

Side effects
Subject to the indicated dosages, side effects do not appear. In case of overestimation of the recommended dose, in some cases, otoxicosis and nephrotoxicosis may occur.

Penstrep-400 Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to penicillin antibiotics and aminoglycoside antibiotics. Renal and cardiovascular failure.

Simultaneous or sequential use of Penstrep 400 with other ototoxic and nephrotoxic drugs (neomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin) is not allowed due to a possible increase in oto- and nephrotoxic effects.

The drug is not recommended to be administered to females in the last third of pregnancy.

Special instructions
Slaughter of animals for meat, which used Penstrep 400, is allowed no earlier than 21 days after the last injection of the drug. In the event of the forced slaughter of animals before the established date, the meat is used for feeding carnivores or for the production of meat and bone meal.

Milk must not be used for food purposes during the treatment period and within 72 hours after stopping the use of the drug. Such milk can be used for feeding animals after heat treatment.

Storage conditions
In a dry, dark place, out of reach of children, at a temperature of 8 to 15 ºС.

Shelf life is 2 years.